Measurement Methods

Researchers use different methods to measure emotions. A subjective evaluation usually is obtained by interviews or questionnaires (e.g. SAM, PrEmo, AttrakDiff). As physiological processes are an important part of emotions, relevant measures are changes in brain activity (measured with fMRI, EEG for example), motor expression (e.g. measured with EMG, facial expression recognition systems) and autonomic nervous system reactions (e.g. constriction and dilation of the pupil, changes in skin conductance, heart rate, respiration).

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